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	<title>Dettmer &#38; Bauer</title>
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	<description>General Dentistry in Wheaton &#124; Dettmer &#38; Bauer</description>
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		<title>Acute Temporomandibular Diseases (TMD)</title>
		<link>http://www.wheatongeneraldentist.com/acute-temporomandibular-diseases-tmd/</link>
		<comments>http://www.wheatongeneraldentist.com/acute-temporomandibular-diseases-tmd/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Oct 2011 18:04:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>bryanabauer</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[For information on this condition click here. Treatment Once symptoms develop the best treatment consisting of rest, heat, analgesics, muscle relaxants, and exercises.&#160; The application of heat (e.g. heat bag extraorally, and warm salt water intraorally) will help reduce the severity and duration of the condition.&#160; Additionally, control of symptoms with pain medications (NSAIDs) and [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="MsoNormal">For information on this condition click <a href="http://www.medicinenet.com/temporomandibular_joint__disorder/article.htm">here</a>.<br /><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Treatment</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal"></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">Once symptoms develop the best treatment consisting of <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">rest, heat</b>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">analgesics</b>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">muscle relaxants</b>, and <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">exercises</b>.&nbsp; The application of heat (e.g. heat bag extraorally, and warm salt water intraorally) will help reduce the severity and duration of the condition.&nbsp; Additionally, control of symptoms with pain medications (NSAIDs) and muscle relaxants may be used.&nbsp; Passive range of motion stretching <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">needs</b> to be done several times per day.&nbsp; Passive range of motion refers to the moving of body parts without activating muscles to perform the movement.&nbsp; In this case that means you use your hands to pull your lower jaw open as far as you can and holding it for 30 seconds.</div>
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<div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 16pt;">Bottom line </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal"></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">First thing you need to do is have me check to see if your bite needs to be adjusted.&nbsp; If there is one or two teeth hitting funny then slightly reducing them to make them hit right can eliminate your symptoms.&nbsp; This process is called a limited occlusal equilibration.&nbsp; If that is fine then&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">&nbsp;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">1.&nbsp; Take 600mg ibuprofen three times a day until symptoms are gone, up to 10 days.&nbsp;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sometimes I recommend the 3x3x3 rule instead, because it is very easy to remember and follow.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">2.&nbsp; Use heat 15-20 minutes at a time 1-10 times a day</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">3.&nbsp; Take Flexeril (cyclobenzaprine) 10mg at night.&nbsp; Can take 10mg in morning too but has side effects!</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">4.&nbsp; Passive range of motion stretch and hold as wide as can for 30 seconds 10 times a day.<br />5.&nbsp; If the pain is persistent and continues for more than 10 days I want a phone call.&nbsp;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">6.&nbsp; Unfortunately once you start getting acute TMD you will experience more issues in the future so typically either an<a href="http://www.nti-tss.com/"> NTI night guard</a> or a traditional night guard will be made depending on your clenching/grinding habits. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal"></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">flexeril main side effects are drowsiness, dizziness and lightheadedness</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">do not take with alcohol or if have taken MAO inhibitors within 14 days</div>
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<div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.wheatongeneraldentist.com/about-dr-bauer/">Bryan Bauer DDS </a></div>
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		<title>Why Composite Veneers?</title>
		<link>http://www.wheatongeneraldentist.com/why-composite-veneers/</link>
		<comments>http://www.wheatongeneraldentist.com/why-composite-veneers/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Oct 2011 05:30:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>bryanabauer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Ceramic or porcelain veneers are what people are talking about when they saythey got veneers or when someone famous gets veneers.&#160; However, there is acheaper alternative&#8230;composite veneers.&#160; There are even circumstances in which compositeveneers are a better choice than porcelain. Sowhen does the situation call for composite veneers????1. Child or young adult with peglaterals.&#160; These [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ceramic or <a href="http://www.wheatongeneraldentist.com/dental-services/veneers/">porcelain veneers</a> are what people are talking about when they saythey got veneers or when someone famous gets veneers.&nbsp; However, there is acheaper alternative&#8230;composite veneers.&nbsp; There are even circumstances in which compositeveneers are a better choice than porcelain.</p>
<p><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Sowhen does the situation call for composite veneers????</span></b><br /><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">1</b>. Child or young adult with peglaterals.&nbsp; These adolescents typicallywait until done growing to get porcelain veneers.<br /><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">2</b>. An individual that needs onlyone or two teeth covered, typically this is also someone with peg laterals.<br /><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">3</b>. Someone with existingcomposite veneers that doesn’t want to change to porcelain ones.<br /><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">4</b>. Someone who cannot afford the porcelainveneers.</p>
<p>Some doctors love doing composite veneers and have a lot of their patientsget them instead of the porcelain veneers.&nbsp; I am not one of those.&nbsp; Iknow the downside of the composite veneers outweighs any temporary benefits.&nbsp;I do, however, use them when the situation calls for it.&nbsp; Examples of when I use composite veneerswould be numbers 1-3 listed above.&nbsp; Icould maybe be talked into #4 by someone, but it hasn’t happened yet.</p>
<p>The major disadvantage of composite veneers is that they wear away and startto literally break down.&nbsp; They are alsonot as strong as porcelain and <a href="http://www.wheatongeneraldentist.com/dental-services/white-fillings/">composite</a> will stain.&nbsp; They do cost less initially, but over the course of alifetime actually cost more because of the maintenance costs involved.&nbsp; The main advantage in my eyes of compositeveneers is that the doctor has total control of the look of them and can easilymake changes immediately.&nbsp; When a labmakes <a href="http://www.wheatongeneraldentist.com/dental-services/veneers/">porcelain veneers</a> for just one or two teeth, trying to get a perfect matchis very difficult and maybe impossible in some cases.&nbsp; With composite veneers the doctor can fairly quicklymake a great match to the neighboring teeth.&nbsp;Of course, if you are doing all your teeth this matching is irrelevant.</p>
<p>Here is an example of a woman that had her teeth whitened and realized that her old composite veneers were now much more yellow than her natural teeth.&nbsp; So without her even being numb I was able to redo them and make everything match again.</p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2wAk6bqO4Lc/Toaim5nR40I/AAAAAAAAAIg/86_9GlY4ypU/s1600/Picture+008.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="162" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2wAk6bqO4Lc/Toaim5nR40I/AAAAAAAAAIg/86_9GlY4ypU/s320/Picture+008.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/--NSzWC3CWXw/Toaim6DuSpI/AAAAAAAAAIc/YinarU9rqwE/s1600/Picture+0151.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="164" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/--NSzWC3CWXw/Toaim6DuSpI/AAAAAAAAAIc/YinarU9rqwE/s320/Picture+0151.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<p>If you or someone you love is considering a smile make-over give us a calland come on in and see us for a complimentary consultation.&nbsp; I have spent a lot of time and effort ensuring that I have the best productsand techniques in existence so that I can give you the best smile available.&nbsp; Check our <a href="http://www.wheatongeneraldentist.com/">website</a> or check me out at the <a href="http://www.aacd.com/">American Academy of Cosmetic Dentists</a>.&nbsp; Besides the free esthetic consult we also offer complimentary orthodontic consults with my wife, <a href="http://www.bauerbraceswheaton.com/">Dr. Danielle Bauer</a>.&nbsp; Call us at630-665-5550 we would love to help you!<br />Bryan Bauer DDS</p>
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		<title>Helpful hints on treating sinus issues</title>
		<link>http://www.wheatongeneraldentist.com/helpful-hints-on-treating-sinus-issues/</link>
		<comments>http://www.wheatongeneraldentist.com/helpful-hints-on-treating-sinus-issues/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 30 Jun 2011 09:24:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>bryanabauer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[I wrote this blog because at my office we see patients all the time that believe they have pain resulting from an upper tooth when in reality it is their sinus.&#160; Hopefully this helps some of you out. Take Mucinex-D twice a day, Loratadine once a day, and use the saline rinse 2-3 times a [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I wrote this blog because at my <a href="http://www.wheatongeneraldentist.com/">office</a> we see patients all the time that believe they have pain resulting from an upper tooth when in reality it is their sinus.&nbsp; Hopefully this helps some of you out.
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<p><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Take Mucinex-D twice a day, Loratadine once a day, and use the saline rinse 2-3 times a day for 5-10 days.&nbsp; If problems do not clear by day 10 stop the medications.&nbsp; </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Treatment of Acute Sinusitis.</span></i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Support treatment      with only saline nasal irrigation, decongestants, antihistamines, and expectorants      are appropriate for at least 5 days and a maximum of 10 days for patients      with mild-to-moderate symptoms.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Sinus infections      are commonly caused by </span><a href="http://www.webmd.com/hw-popup/viral-infection"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">viral      infections</span></a><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">,      which do not respond to antibiotics. Antibiotics may cause bothersome side      effects (such as </span><a href="http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/digestive-diseases-diarrhea"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">diarrhea</span></a><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;"> or upset </span><a href="http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/picture-of-the-stomach"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">stomach</span></a><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">) and also may      contribute to your becoming </span><a href="http://www.webmd.com/hw-popup/drug-resistance-or-antibiotic-resistance"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">resistant</span></a><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;"> to antibiotics in      the future.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Antibiotics are not      helpful for patients with mild-to-moderate symptoms, so they should not be      prescribed for at least the first 14 days.&nbsp;      </span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Treatment of Chronic Sinusitis.</span></i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;"> (If this is the case need to see </span><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">ENT</span><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;"> M.D.)</span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">A broad-spectrum      antibiotic (one that can eliminate a wide range of bacteria) may be      helpful. Some patients benefit from prolonged therapy.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">A corticosteroid      nasal spray. Some doctors also recommend oral corticosteroids (such as      prednisone) for patients who do not respond to nasal corticosteroids or      for those patients who have nasal polyps. Prednisone is also used for      patients who have allergic fungal sinusitis.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Saline nasal      irrigation is often needed on an ongoing basis.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">If the condition      dramatically improves after 1 &#8211; 2 months, antibiotics are stopped. The      patient should continue with both the steroid and saline nasal solutions.      If there is no improvement after this time, surgery may be considered. For      some people with chronic sinusitis, however, the condition is not curable,      and the goal of treatment is to improve the quality of life.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">A thorough      diagnostic work-up should be performed to rule out any underlying      conditions, including but not limited to allergies, asthma, any immune      problems, gastroesophageal reflux disorder, and structural problems in the      nasal passages. If a primary trigger for chronic sinusitis can be      identified, it should be treated or controlled if possible.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><b><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 13.5pt;">Hydration</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Home remedies that open and hydrate sinuses may, indeed, be the only treatment necessary for mild sinusitis that is not accompanied by signs of acute infection.</span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Drinking plenty of      fluids and getting lots of rest when needed is still the best bit of      advice to ease the discomforts of the common cold. Water is the best fluid      and helps lubricate the mucus membranes. (There is NO evidence that      drinking milk will increase or worsen mucus.)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Chicken soup does,      indeed, help congestion and aches. The hot steam from the soup may be its      chief advantage, although laboratory studies have actually reported that      ingredients in the soup may have anti-inflammatory effects. In fact, any      hot beverage may have similar soothing effects from steam. Ginger tea,      fruit juice, and hot tea with honey and lemon may all be helpful.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Spicy foods that      contain hot peppers or horseradish may help clear sinuses.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Inhaling steam 2 &#8211;      4 times a day is extremely helpful, costs little, and requires no      expensive equipment. The patient should sit comfortably and lean over a      bowl of boiling hot water (no one should ever inhale steam from water as      it boils) while covering the head and the bowl with a towel so the steam      remains under the cloth. The steam should be inhaled continuously for 10      minutes. A mentholated or other aromatic preparation may be added to the      water. Long, steamy showers, vaporizers, and facial saunas are      alternatives.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><b><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 13.5pt;">Nasal </span></b><b><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 13.5pt;">Wash</span></b><b><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 13.5pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">A nasal wash can be helpful for removing mucus from the nose. NeilMed Sinus Rinse is a cost effective nasal wash that is easy to use and recommended for all ages.&nbsp; Perform the nasal wash several times a day. Researchers have reported that daily irrigation of the nasal passages with a hypertonic saline solution relieves sinusitis symptoms and also reduces antibiotic use and the occurrence of acute exacerbations.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Neti pots have also become popular in recent years for prevention and treatment of sinusitis. Nasal irrigation with a saline solution through a neti pot involves:</span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Lean over the sink      with your head tilted to one side.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Insert the spout of      the neti pot in the upper nostril.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Slowly pour the      salt water into your nose while continuing to breathe through your mouth.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">The water will flow      through the upper nostril and out through the lower nostril.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">When the water      finishes dripping out, blow your nose.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Reverse the tilt of      your head and repeat the process with the other nostril.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><b><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 13.5pt;">Antibiotic Use in the Treatment of Sinusitis</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Overview on Antibiotics and Their Overuse.</span></i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;"> Sinusitis is the fifth most common diagnosis for antibiotic prescriptions. But there is much evidence that antibiotics are inappropriately prescribed for many patients:</span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Most acute      sinusitis cases clear up on their own.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Antibiotics      generally help only a very small number of children with persistent nasal      discharge for at least 20 days. Even when antibiotics are helpful,      benefits are modest in reducing duration of the infection.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">The intense and      widespread use of antibiotics (not only for sinusitis but also for ear      infections and other upper respiratory tract infections) has led to a      serious global problem, which is bacterial resistance to common      antibiotics.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">When to Use Antibiotics.</span></i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;"> Antibiotics should usually be reserved for select patients who are at higher risk for developing bacterial infections. Because up to 80% of sinusitis cases resolve on their own within 2 weeks, doctors generally wait 7 &#8211; 14 days before prescribing antibiotics. Some doctors feel that antibiotics still should not be prescribed if symptoms last longer than 10 days. However, antibiotics may be prescribed sooner if severe symptoms develop. These symptoms include:</span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Fever greater than      39° C (102.2° F)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Facial pain or      headache</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Severe swelling      around the eyes</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Chronic sinusitis is often the result of damage to the mucus membrane from a past, untreated acute sinus infection. The aerobic and anaerobic bacteria present in chronic sinusitis are often different from those that cause the acute form. The role of antibiotic treatment for chronic sinusitis is controversial. Special types of antibiotics may be used, and treatment may be needed for a longer time.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Some patients with chronic sinusitis may need intravenous antibiotic therapy, particularly those with underlying medical disorders that can worsen their condition. This therapy is typically given 2 weeks before surgery and continued for about a month afterwards.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Antibiotic Regimens.</span></i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">The standard      first-line antibiotic treatment for acute uncomplicated bacterial      sinusitis is a 10 &#8211; 14 day course of amoxicillin.      Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is an alternative choice.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">For more      complicated illnesses (chronic illness, chronic sinusitis, symptoms      lasting longer than 30 days, children in day care or younger than 2 years      old, smokers, recent antibiotic use, or unresponsiveness to initial      antibiotic course), the doctor may prescribe a different type of      antibiotic, such as amoxicillin-clavulanate, cephalosporin, or a      macrolide.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">If the patient does      not respond after 21 &#8211; 28 days, the doctor may switch to another      broad-spectrum antibiotic, such as amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime, or      cefpodoxime. Other choices include clarithromycin or azithromycin      (macrolides) or levofloxacin (a fluoroquinolone).</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Side Effects of Antibiotics.</span></i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;"> Most antibiotics have the following side effects (although specific antibiotics may have other side effects or fewer of the standard ones):</span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">The most common      side effect for nearly all antibiotics is gastrointestinal distress.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Antibiotics double      the risk for vaginal infections in women. Taking supplements of      acidophilus or eating yogurt with active cultures may help restore healthy      bacteria that offset the risk for such infections.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Allergic reactions      can also occur with all antibiotics but are most common with medications      derived from penicillin or sulfa. These reactions can range from mild skin      rashes to rare but severe, even life-threatening, anaphylactic shock.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Certain drugs,      including some over-the-counter medications, interact with antibiotics;      patients should inform the doctor of all medications they are taking and      of any drug allergies.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><b><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 13.5pt;">Managing Sinusitis in Patients with Allergies</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Patients often have various combinations of allergies, sinusitis, and asthma. Treating each condition is important for improving them all. In addition to decongestants, pain relievers, and expectorants, other remedies are available for people who suffer from nonbacterial sinusitis during allergy season.</span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Anti-Inflammatory      Drugs</span></i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">.      Nasal spray corticosteroids (commonly called steroids) are important for      reducing the inflammatory response in the nasal passages and airways. They      are important in the treatment of asthma and are now considered to be the      most effective measure for preventing allergy attacks. Leukotriene-antagonists      are also useful for sinusitis symptoms.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Antihistamines</span></i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">. Antihistamine      tablets relieve sneezing and itching and can prevent nasal congestion      before an allergy attack. Many brands are available by prescription and      over the counter. Because they thicken mucus and make it harder to drain      out from the sinuses, they should not be used for sinusitis.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Immunotherapy</span></i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">. Immunotherapy,      commonly referred to as allergy shots, may be considered for patients with      severe seasonal allergies that do not respond to treatment. Immunotherapy      is the only treatment that affects the cause of allergies.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">All drug treatments      have side effects, some very unpleasant and, rarely, serious. Patients may      need to try different drugs until they find one that relieves symptoms      without producing excessively distressing side effects.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;">Severe Fungal Sinusitis.</span></i><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 12pt;"> Sinusitis caused by severe fungal infections is a medical emergency. Treatment is aggressive surgery, and high-dose antifungal chemotherapy with a drug such as amphotericin B can be life saving.</span></div>
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